In fertilizer production, ring die granulators must adjust core parameters based on the characteristics of different raw materials, such as organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and slow-release fertilizer, to ensure optimal granulation.

For organic fertilizers, whose raw materials often contain fiber components such as straw and fermented manure, ring die granulators require large-aperture ring dies (typically 8-12mm) and anti-entanglement rollers to prevent fiber entanglement and pelletizing stalls. Furthermore, the steam injection time should be appropriately extended during the conditioning stage to enhance the viscosity of the fiber raw material.

If producing bio-organic fertilizers containing live bacteria, a rapid cooling device should be added after granulation to reduce the pellet temperature to below 35°C to prevent high temperatures from killing the live bacteria.

Compound fertilizer raw materials are primarily nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium powders, which are prone to moisture absorption and agglomeration. Therefore, granulators require ring dies made of wear-resistant materials (such as alloy steel) to minimize wear on the die holes, and the roller pressure must be precisely controlled. Excessive pressure can cause components like nitrate nitrogen in the raw materials to decompose and be lost due to the high extrusion temperature, while too little pressure can cause the granules to become loose.

Slow-release fertilizers, however, contain special ingredients like coating agents, so the ring die granulator requires a lower extrusion temperature (below 30°C). This is usually achieved by reducing the roller speed (from 30 rpm to 20 rpm) and adding a cooling device to prevent high temperatures from damaging the slow-release coating structure and ensure the fertilizer’s slow-release effect.

In industrial production, directly stacking high-temperature materials after processing can easily lead to problems such as agglomeration and deterioration. Drum fertilizer coolers are key equipment for addressing this problem. So how do they achieve efficient cooling? Today, we’ll examine their core operating principles from both a structural and process perspective.

The core structure of a drum fertilizer cooler consists of an inclined drum body, a transmission system, a cooling system, and a discharge mechanism. During operation, hot materials enter through the feed port at the upper end of the drum. The transmission system drives the drum to slowly rotate, causing the materials to continuously tumble and move forward within the drum as it rotates.

The cooling system achieves cooling through two methods: one is a cooling jacket installed on the drum shell, through which cold water or air flows, removing heat from the material through heat conduction; the other is a direct flow of low-temperature gas into the drum. The gas fully contacts the hot material, absorbing heat through heat exchange, and is then discharged through the exhaust port. Throughout the entire process, the material is tumbled to ensure uniform heating and avoid incomplete cooling. The drum fertilizer cooler’s tilt angle and rotational speed control the material’s residence time, allowing for flexible adjustment based on the cooling requirements of different materials.

Finally, the cooled material is discharged from the discharge port at the lower end of the drum, completing the cooling process. Whether it’s granular, powdered, or small chunks, this cooling method delivers efficient and stable cooling, widely applicable to production needs across multiple industrial sectors.

When a flat die granulator is in operation, material first enters the feed inlet and is evenly conveyed to the pulverizing unit, where it is fully pulverized to meet subsequent processing requirements. The pulverized material is then transported by a screw conveyor to the pressing area. In the pressing area, the pressing rollers work closely with the flat die, forcing the material through the die holes under strong pressure, initially forming pellets. Next, the pellets are cut into the desired length by a cutter and leave the pressing area. The hot pellets then enter the cooling unit, where they are rapidly cooled by air or water, stabilizing their shape and properties. Finally, the cooled pellets are screened and packaged before being released to the market as finished products.

The flat die granulator’s pressing rollers feature wide grooves, ensuring pressure resistance and wear resistance. The larger rollers can withstand greater pressure, while the wider grooves effectively prevent material accumulation and ensure smooth material flow into the pressing area. The evenly distributed design of multiple pressing rollers ensures smoother operation while increasing the pressing area, significantly improving production efficiency. Taking biomass pellet production as an example, this design can increase yields by 30%-50%, effectively reducing production costs.

The flat die granulator achieves efficient material forming through its ingenious structural design and scientific workflow. Currently, this principle is widely used in feed, biomass energy, fertilizer, and other fields. With continued technological advancement, it is expected to play a significant role in even more areas in the future, bringing greater convenience and benefits to industrial production and resource utilization.

In organic fertilizer production, the diversity of raw materials often poses challenges to the fermentation process. Windrow compost turners, with their robust adaptability, are a key piece of equipment to address this challenge. They can efficiently process a variety of raw materials, including livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, industrial and municipal organic waste, and sewage sludge, providing a rich source of material for organic fertilizer production.

For livestock and poultry manure, such as chicken and pig manure, the windrow compost turner‘s powerful turning breaks down compaction. The ventilation and heating process kills pathogens and parasite eggs, while also reducing ammonia emissions and eliminating odors.

For coarse fiber materials like corn stalks and wheat straw, its turning components tear the straw into pieces, allowing it to blend evenly with other materials and accelerate degradation and composting.

For industrial organic waste, such as distiller’s grains and vinegar lees, and municipal waste, such as kitchen waste and fallen branches, the equipment continuously turns the waste to reduce moisture content, promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms, and ultimately recycle the waste.

Sludge that passes heavy metal testing can also be turned over to reduce its moisture content from 80% to below 60%, transforming it into a safe organic fertilizer. The diverse raw material processing capabilities of windrow compost turners make them a vital force in promoting the recycling of organic waste.

Crushing high-moisture materials has long been a thorny issue in industries such as agriculture, environmental protection, and the chemical industry. Traditional dry crushers often clog and inefficiently process materials like wet straw, organic fertilizer, and wet garbage, severely impacting production progress. The advent of the half-wet material crusher has revolutionized this situation.

The half-wet material crusher is designed specifically for handling materials with a certain degree of moisture content and effectively addresses the crushing needs of high-moisture materials. Its unique structural design and anti-clogging device prevent material from clumping during the crushing process. Whether it’s wet straw generated in agricultural production, wet garbage disposal in the environmental protection sector, or specialized wet raw materials in the chemical industry, the half-wet material crusher can perform stable and efficient crushing operations, laying a solid foundation for subsequent processing.

In practical application, the half-wet material crusher, with its wide adaptability, has become a vital piece of equipment across multiple industries. It not only improves material handling efficiency but also reduces equipment failures and maintenance costs, making it a key contributor to the resourceful utilization of high-moisture materials.

In organic fertilizer production, raw material diversity often presents a challenge for companies. Large wheel compost turners, with their robust adaptability, are a key piece of equipment for addressing this challenge. They can efficiently process a variety of raw materials, including livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, and industrial organic waste, serving diverse agricultural, industrial, and municipal sectors.

For livestock and poultry manure like chicken and pig manure, its powerful turning capacity quickly breaks down compacted layers and kills pathogens and parasite eggs through high-temperature fermentation. With a daily processing capacity of hundreds of tons, it easily meets the needs of large-scale livestock farms.

When processing corn and wheat straw, the equipment shreds bundles of straw and evenly mixes it with manure, promoting cellulose degradation and eliminating pollution from straw burning.

For industrial waste materials such as lees from alcohol factories and dregs from traditional Chinese medicine factories, large wheel compost turners continuously turn and reduce moisture content, contributing to the resource utilization of industrial waste.

Furthermore, municipal sewage sludge that meets heavy metal standards and litter from urban landscaping can also be converted into safe organic fertilizer. With the large wheel compost turner, companies no longer need to configure separate equipment for different raw materials, significantly reducing production costs.